Egypt under Mubarak - 1191 Words

Egypt plays an extremely significant role as one of the major powers in the Middle East. Egyptian force in the Arab world stems from the strength of its cultural life which makes it extremely difficult to be ignored. The book, â€Å"Egypt under Mubarak† features essays from seven different authors, which examine the causes and consequences of the many crises Egypt has faced. Mubarak comes into power taking upon himself the previous Egyptian political, sociological, and economic problems left by Sadat and Nasser. The present administration attempts to fix these problems by employing Egypts significant resources in the forming of a distinct and effective international role. Vice President Hosni Mubarak succeeded Sadat as president. After Sadat†¦show more content†¦The book touches on topics with a broad range from politics to economy to geography. The book is solely based on research of the Egyptian government from the time when Mubarak took power, 1981, up until the writing of the book which was in 1989. Throughout the book, 16 books are cited. Even though the book is based on the government under Mubarak, the writers refer to events that were held before Mubarak was put into power which helps the reader understand the important history behind the present. After each chapter, there are bibliographies as well as endnotes in some chapters listing the sources used in the passage. Except for the Chapter on the National Debt where his previous statements based on The Central Bank of Egypt, Cairo contradicts his final assessment of the sum. The writers of each section always tend to agree with the sources that they have cited. With this known, I was able to see that the writers in each chapter took into account the other writings of scholars that wrote on similar topics. Because of the writers many sources, they are able to give an unbiased look into the history of the Egyptian Government. They examine both the positive and negative aspects of Mubarak as President specifically laws he passes and actions he takes towards not only Egyptians, but also the Arab-Israeli relationship, as well as foreign relations with Arab countries and the western world. Charles Tripp goes into detail about theShow MoreRelatedThe Arab Spring in Egypt1012 Words   |  5 Pages　　Another prominent cause of the Arab Spring in Egypt was the corruption in the government run by Mubarak. One of the best examples of Mubarak’s corruption was the use of emergency law. For his entire almost 30-year reign, Mubarak ruled through eme rgency law. Under emergency law, Mubarak could censor all publications, search and tap phone, mail, and Internet use, and arrest people without a trial, or through secret trials. (Tristam, 2013) All political meetings also had to be preapproved by him beforeRead MoreStep to Democratization in Egypt Essay1409 Words   |  6 Pagesa step towards democracy. Egypt is in the ancient, sacred and conservative Middle East. Egyptians are cheering for their own political aspirations as they overthrew Mubarak’s dictatorship, and are gradually making efforts to establish a democratic and peaceful country. Egypt was known as a totalitarian state. From Dickerson (2010), totalitarianism is a modern form of despotic rule in which the state undertakes to remake society according to an ideological design. Mubarak matched that definition andRead MoreChanges in Egypt Essay717 Words   |  3 Pageswe experience. The crisis rocking Egypt calls to question if African leaders, as demonstrated so far by President Hosni Mubarak, are agents of change and are always ready and willing to submit to change when needed. The uprising broke out last week as the public grew frustrated with corruption, oppression and economic hardship under Mubarak. More than 100 people have been reported dead in the ongoing protest taking place in various centers in Egypt. Mubarak has ruled for a period of 30 years marredRead MoreEssay on Egypt after Mubarak842 Words   |  4 Pagesconsecutive days of protest until the former president Hosni Mubarak was forced to resign and the military took over the government suspending the constitution. At the moment, the military can either run the transitional government for a period of a year or less or run the country by committee. On taking over the power, the military promised to deliver a new constitution and organize a free and fair election. Under the imperative of Hosni Mubarak, Egyptians have been complaining about the inequalityRead MoreAnalysis Of Bryant Arnold, An Artist For Cartoonaday.com1712 Words   |  7 Pagespeople. In this cartoon, the former President of Egypt, Hosni Mubarak, is running away and hiding behind the military from three Egyptians, two men and one women in traditional Egyptian dress, who are holding swords that say Facebook and Twitter. During the Egyptian revolution of 2011, part of the Arab Spring, Egyptians were able to connect and coordinate protests through these social media websites due to their common interest: the distaste of Mubarak and the Egyptian government and its policies. TheRead MoreHistory Of Hosni Mubarak s Regime1294 Words   |  6 PagesHosni Mubarak’s regime in Egypt had been the only government the Egyptian people had seen in decades. Following movements such as The Kifaya (Enough) Movement, and The April 6 Youth Movement, as well as the demonstrations in Tahrar s quare, Mubarak resigned and regime change was not far behind. After his resignation and a promising push towards democratization with the first democratically elected head of state, Mohamed Morsi, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi took office, proving that Egypt is not working towardsRead MoreThe Revolution Of The Egyptian Revolution1597 Words   |  7 PagesFebruary 11. (Egyptian Revolution) The movement began with demonstrations calling for social, economic and political reforms, plaza occupations, riots, non-violent civil resistance and strikes. This ended with the resignation of President Hosni Mubarak. ( St John, John) The Egyptian Revolution had various names which included the Freedom Revolution, Lotus Revolution, Revolution of the Youth and the White Revolution.(Al Jazeera English) Millions of people were involved with the Revolution. TheRead MoreThe Arab Spring in Egypt1200 Words   |  5 Pageshave been occurring in the Arab World due to discontent with government, human rights violations, poverty, and other factors. Countries where this is an issue include Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, and Sudan. One of the countries hit hardest by the revolution was Egypt. 　　What is often called â€Å"the spark that started it all,† occurred on December 17, 2011 in Tunisia. A street vendor named Mohamed Bouazizi set himself on fire to protest the corruptionRead MoreThe Controversy of the Military Coup in Egypt Essay756 Words   |  4 PagesThe military coup in Egypt was very controversial. I believe that the ousting of Morsi was completely wrong and should never have happened. After the overthrow of Dictator Hosni Mubarak, Mohamed Morsi was democratically voted president of Egypt. Morsi was only president for a year. During his short spell the military illegally took control of Egypt and placed president Morsi under house arrest. This sparked controversy across the globe. One of my main reasons why I am against the coup is that presidentRead MoreThe Between Islam And The Middle East1734 Words   |  7 Pagestherefore we will focus on the African region in particular Egypt and Tunisia. At the beginning of the 20 century Egypt was controlled and mandated by the British where they had a big interest in Egypt since it was the main gate toward Africa. There were a couple of movements from the Egyptian to take their freedom and decolonise but they haven’t get their independent until 1952. However this wasn’t a complete independent as in many parts Egypt was linked economically with the Great Britain. The Suez

Communication, Radio, And Becoming Part Of The Community

Discourse communities can come in many different variations whether they differ in goals or in the ways they communicate. Some discourse communities may very well play important roles for the rest of society as a whole. One example of these vital communities is the United Sates Army Special Forces. You may find yourself asking, â€Å"What exactly is the purpose of this community?†. The goal of Special Forces is simple, to serve and protect our nation and to carry out special missions. In this essay, I will give you the reader a better understanding of the reason for this groups existence, their methods of communication, radio communication, their authority, and becoming part of the community. First of all, I will give you a brief overview of who they are as a group. Created June 19, 1952, the Special Forces is said to be the most highly trained versatile special operations group in the world and are known as the green berets by their distinctive service headgear. They travel by land and air to places all over the world completing dangerous missions. As stated previously, the purpose is fairly simple; to serve the and protect our nation and carry out special missions. Protection is the utmost importance not only for America but for the world. The special Forces purpose and goals go hand in hand. They work extremely hard to maintain piece anywhere that there may be unrest. The key part of importance in peacekeeping is counterterrorism. Maintaining high levels ofShow MoreRelated Satellite Radio and Howard Stern Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pages Satellite Radio: Will Howard Sterns move make us change the way we think about radio? Howard Sterns plan to move to satellite radio in January 2006 marks a major turning point for the radio industry. Not only has Stern brought the  possibility of subscribing to satellite radio into the minds of the millions in his audience, he has also gotten more people to start thinking and talking about what really distinguishes satellite radio from traditional radio. Satellite radio was first authorizedRead MoreTelevision - Friend or Foe?1630 Words   |  7 PagesFriend or Foe Communications technology is expanding through the entire global community. Children everywhere are born into a world of images and messages. In society today storytellers are rarely parents, grandparents, and teachers, but instead there are a handful of tar-away forces with something to sell. The media has become part of our culture as well as our identity. There are many different kinds of media, which comes in many different forms. For example, television, radio, and the newspaperRead MoreTelecommunication Industry Analysis1605 Words   |  7 Pagesprimary product segments: radio, television, voice communications, and broadband services, the two largest being voice communications and broadband services (Industry). These services are offered to businesses and personal consumers, and are the industry’s primary user segments. Companies in the telecommunication industry are the primary means by which communication is provided, whether it is by telephone, Internet, or tele vision. Using transmissions of signals over networks of radio towers, data is transferredRead MoreMarketing through Social Media1363 Words   |  5 Pagesby consumers’ ability to recall or recognize the brand under different conditions.† For the purpose of this literature review, ‘Social media’ will refer to online technologies such as forums, blogs, wikis, Social network sites (SNS) and content communities. The word ‘consumer’ will be used to describe anyone who uses these technologies, not necessarily to just make a purchase. The 21st century has seen the emergence of Web 2.0 and with it the ever increasing use of Social media. Three of the world’sRead MoreThe Importance Of Social Media996 Words   |  4 Pagesand communicating through text, video, blogs, pictures, status updates on sites such as Facebook, MySpace, LinkedIn or microblogs such as Twitter. What makes social media of particular interest to journalism is how it has become influential as a communication and news-breaking tool. In June 2009, the U.S. State Department asked Twitter to delay scheduled maintenance on the service because it was being used by protestors angered by the results of Irans disputed presidential election. In July 2009, aRead MoreAdvantages of mass media1332 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Do the advantages of Mass Media outweigh the disadvantages? Mass media refers collectively to all the media technologies that are intended to reach a large audience via mass communication. There are various forms of mass media such as radio, television, movies, magazines, newspapers and the World Wide Web. Mass Media enjoys a very prominent role in our lives and thus, it is believed to influence our society. There are positive and negative effects of mass media on our society. This essay willRead MoreHow Does Globalization Affect Cultural Traditions in the Arabic Communities?923 Words   |  4 Pagesglobalization is having effects on Arab cultural traditions in Arab communities in many ways, like in language, education, media and customs. Globalization is making the world becoming a global village and the result is Arab communities cultural traditions are changing and are threaten to be lost . Globalization is not easy to define, but we can say it is process of integrating the worlds economies, trade, business and communications together. The problem is the culture that is dominate is the WestRead MoreCommunication and Crisis Essay1425 Words   |  6 PagesRUNNING HEAD: Communication and Crisis paper Communication and Crisis Paper University of Phoenix HCS/320 August 6, 2012 According to this Scenario: In 1979, the Three Mile Island nuclear reactor malfunctioned, releasing radiation into the environment. There were no immediate deaths or injuries resulting from the incident; however, the accident drew much media attention and created concerns in the local area and beyond. The major forms of communication used to report these events wereRead MoreMass Medi The Spread Of Digital Media Communication1701 Words   |  7 Pagesthe mass media likely to survive the spread of digital media communication? The purpose of this essay is to explore if mass media is likely to survive the spread of digital media communication. Firstly, this essay discusses the definition of mass media, as well as when and where it originated in order to gain a better background understanding. It then goes on to discuss the growing popularity of digital media and how mass media communication still prevails despite the new digital media. In the conclusionRead More Black Nationalism And The Revolution In Music Essay1045 Words   |  5 Pageshaving leaders such as Dr. Martin Luther king Jr., Malcolm x and Nelson Mandela lead them to a civil right society where everyone was treated equally. And they have also been part of the revolution of music in terms of how many categories they have invented and taken over. In the field of politics, their leaders led their community in different ways that at the end; their work paid off. They won each and every battle they had to fight. But the most important battle they ha d to face was to influence their

The Four Asset Classes

Question: What are The four asset classes? Explain. Answer: The four asset classes are:Shares: These instruments represent ownership in the company. Exchange of shares (Buying or selling) takes place on the stock exchange(Colonial First State Investments Limited, 2016). These are volatile assets with medium to high risk characteristics. Also, the average returns are also high. As you can see the returns are negative for certain years so they are to be dealt with carefully and proper study of the stock based on fundamentals and technical. Bonds: These are the least risky assets and the returns are also low. But these are more risky than the government bonds. These provides regular fixed payments (Coupon bonds) or a lump sum amount at maturity (zero-coupon bonds). Cash: The investment in instruments like bank bills and similar other securities is referred to as cash. These are highly liquid assets which are less risky than shares. They provide low risk income which is quite stable and is similar to regular interest payments.(Colonial First State Investments Limited, 2016) International Shares: These are the listed shares of the companies of other countries. As the performance of these shares is dependent on the performance of these companies in their respective economies, hence these are less affect by the Australian economy. International shares expands the ambit in terms of geographies and companies where the investment can be made. However, the performance is highly affected by the changes in the currency exchange rate and hence are highly volatile(Colonial First State Investments Limited, 2016). Table 1: Year Australian Shares % return (ex dividends) Australian Bonds % return Cash Rate % average return International Shares % return 1990 -20.1% 12.1% 14.8% -18.7% 1991 22.2% 9.4% 10.3% 16.0% 1992 -6.0% 8.9% 6.5% -7.1% 1993 39.1% 6.7% 5.1% 20.4% 1994 -9.2% 10.0% 5.4% 3.4% 1995 16.5% 8.2% 7.5% 18.7% 1996 7.2% 7.4% 7.0% 11.7% 1997 7.9% 6.1% 5.4% 14.2% 1998 7.7% 5.0% 5.0% 22.8% 1999 13.5% 7.0% 4.8% 23.6% 2000 2.9% 5.5% 6.0% -14.1% 2001 2.6% 6.0% 4.9% -17.8% 2002 -9.6% 5.2% 4.6% -21.1% 2003 8.7% 5.6% 4.8% 30.8% 2004 22.8% 5.3% 5.3% 12.8% 2005 15.7% 5.2% 5.5% 7.6% 2006 19.8% 5.9% 5.8% 18.0% 2007 17.9% 6.3% 6.4% 7.1% 2008 -45.8% 4.0% 6.6% -42.1% 2009 34.1% 5.7% 3.2% 27.0% 2010 2.2% 5.5% 4.4% 9.6% Arithematic mean, geometric mean and standard deviation are as under Arithmetic Mean (AM) Australian Shares 7.1% Australian Bonds 6.7% Cash Rate 6.2% International Shares 5.8% Geometric Mean (GM) Australian Shares 7.7% Australian Bonds 7.0% Cash Rate 6.0% International Shares -17.8% Standard deviation () Australian Shares 18.7% Australian Bonds 2.0% Cash Rate 2.4% International Shares 19.0% As it can be seen from the AM, GM and standard deviation, Australian bonds are least risk and with minimum return, while Australian shares are most risky and with highest return. Geometric mean has been calculated using the GEOMEAN function in excel. Standard deviation has been calculated using STDEV function in excel. Correlation matrix Australian Shares Australian Bonds Cash Rate International Shares Australian Shares 1.00 (0.09) (0.31) 0.81 Australian Bonds (0.09) 1.00 0.74 (0.02) Cash Rate (0.31) 0.74 1.00 (0.30) International Shares 0.81 (0.02) (0.30) 1.00 Covariance matrix Australian Shares Australian Bonds Cash Rate International Shares Australian Shares 0.033469 (0.000335) (0.001340) 0.027664 Australian Bonds (0.000335) 0.000373 0.000342 (0.000058) Cash Rate (0.001340) 0.000342 0.000568 (0.001317) International Shares 0.027664 (0.000058) (0.001317) 0.034428 Correlation and Covariance matrix has been computed using the CORREL and COVAR functions in excel. For constructing the efficient frontier with three assets it has been assumed that short sales are not allowed. Solver has been used to determine the weights of the three assets in the portfolio. The standard deviation has been minimized for certain return value such that the sum of the weights is 100%. Efficient frontier with three assets S. No. portfolio return W1(australian shares) W2(australian bonds) W3(Cash Rate) variance of portfolio Portfolio standard deviation () Return Minimum Variance portfolio 2.68% 75.04% 22.28% 0.03% 1.864% 6.60% 1 6.61% 2.65% 76.58% 20.78% 0.03% 1.864% 6.61% 2 6.62% 2.60% 78.45% 18.95% 0.03% 1.864% 6.62% 3 6.63% 2.56% 80.32% 17.12% 0.03% 1.865% 6.63% 4 6.64% 2.52% 82.19% 15.29% 0.03% 1.867% 6.64% 5 6.65% 2.48% 84.06% 13.46% 0.03% 1.869% 6.65% 6 6.66% 2.44% 85.93% 11.64% 0.03% 1.871% 6.66% 7 6.67% 2.39% 87.79% 9.81% 0.04% 1.873% 6.67% 8 6.68% 2.35% 89.66% 7.98% 0.04% 1.876% 6.68% 9 6.69% 2.31% 91.53% 6.16% 0.04% 1.880% 6.69% 10 6.70% 2.27% 93.40% 4.33% 0.04% 1.884% 6.70% Let 5 be the efficient portfolio Return of portfolio 6.65% Standard of portfolio 1.869% Risk free rate 6.40% weight of risky portfolio combination return Standard deviation 0 6.40% 0.000% 0.1 6.43% 0.187% 0.2 6.45% 0.374% 0.3 6.48% 0.561% 0.4 6.50% 0.747% 0.5 6.53% 0.934% 0.6 6.55% 1.121% 0.7 6.58% 1.308% 0.8 6.60% 1.495% 0.9 6.63% 1.682% 1 6.65% 1.869% Efficient frontier with four assets Efficient frontier with four assets portfolio return W1 (australian shares) W2 (australian bonds) W3 (Cash Rate) W4 (international Shares) variance of portfolio Portfolio standard deviation () Return Minimum Variance portfolio 3.093% 76.156% 21.286% -0.535% 0.035% 1.863% 6.614% 6.49% 2.349% 56.081% 40.645% 0.925% 0.036% 1.886% 6.490% 6.50% 2.409% 57.704% 39.080% 0.807% 0.035% 1.882% 6.500% 6.51% 2.469% 59.326% 37.516% 0.689% 0.035% 1.879% 6.510% 6.52% 2.529% 60.949% 35.951% 0.571% 0.035% 1.876% 6.520% 6.53% 2.590% 62.571% 34.387% 0.453% 0.035% 1.874% 6.530% 6.54% 2.650% 64.193% 32.822% 0.335% 0.035% 1.871% 6.540% 6.56% 2.770% 67.438% 29.693% 0.099% 0.035% 1.867% 6.560% 6.57% 2.830% 69.060% 28.129% -0.019% 0.035% 1.866% 6.570% 6.58% 2.890% 70.683% 26.564% -0.137% 0.035% 1.865% 6.580% 6.59% 2.951% 72.305% 25.000% -0.255% 0.035% 1.864% 6.590% 6.60% 3.011% 73.927% 23.435% -0.373% 0.035% 1.863% 6.600% 6.61% 3.071% 75.550% 21.871% -0.491% 0.035% 1.863% 6.610% 6.62% 3.131% 77.172% 20.306% -0.609% 0.035% 1.863% 6.620% 6.63% 3.191% 78.794% 18.742% -0.727% 0.035% 1.863% 6.630% 6.64% 3.252% 80.416% 17.178% -0.846% 0.035% 1.864% 6.640% 6.65% 3.312% 82.038% 15.613% -0.964% 0.035% 1.865% 6.650% 6.66% 3.372% 83.661% 14.049% -1.082% 0.035% 1.866% 6.660% 6.67% 3.432% 85.283% 12.484% -1.200% 0.035% 1.868% 6.670% 6.68% 3.492% 86.906% 10.920% -1.318% 0.035% 1.870% 6.680% 6.69% 3.552% 88.528% 9.355% -1.436% 0.035% 1.872% 6.690% 6.70% 3.613% 90.150% 7.791% -1.554% 0.035% 1.874% 6.700% Effect of fiscal and monetary policy on the economy Fiscal policy are the measures taken by the government to affect the supply of goods and services. Monetary policy are the measures taken to affect the money supply and interest rates. Monetary policy changes are generally taken by the central bank. These measures can be contractual and expansionary. For example if the government wants to increase the GDP, it will increase the spending in goods and services which increases demand. Increased demand causes companies to increase supply which improves employment(Grimsley, 2016). Increased employment increase the per capita income and also private consumption. In terms of fiscal policy, if the central bank reduces the interest rates the money supply increases which increase private consumption and the demand goes up. As the demand goes up and with limited supply in the short run, the prices go up and the inflation increases. In the long run, the firms are able to increase the supply of goods and services(Dornbusch, Fischer, Startz, 2011) . Aggregate demand AD is given by AD = C + G + I + NX. Where C is private consumption, G is government expenditure, I in investment and NX is net of exports and imports. As expansionary fiscal policy is followed, government expenditure increase and thus AD increases. As expansionary monetary policy is followed, money supply increases in the market thus increasing the private consumption and thereby increasing the aggregate demand(Investopedia, 2016). Stock price (S0) 39 Exercise price (X) 35 Interest rate ( r ) 5.30% time to expiration (T) 0.5 Standard deviation () 30% (ln(S0/X)+(r+^2/2)T)/(T) =0.741112 d2= d1-T = 0.52898 N(d1)= 0.760737504 N(-d1)= 0.229338 N(d2)= 0.70152708 N(-d2)= 0.298473 Call option Price, C= N(d1)S0 - X(e^(-rT))N(d2) 5.76 Put option price, P= -N(-d1)*S0 + X(e^(rT)N(-d2) 1.23 Contract size 100 Initial margin 10% = $11979 Maintenance margin 5% = $5989.5 Day Trade Price($) Futures Price (US dollar per ounce) Daily gain($) Cumulative gain($) Margin account balance($) Margin call($) 8-Feb-2016 1197.90 11979 9-Feb-2016 1198.70 80.00 80.00 12059.00 10-Feb-2016 1194.70 -400.00 -320.00 11659.00 11-Feb-2016 1247.90 5320.00 5000.00 16979.00 12-Feb-2016 1239.10 -880.00 4120.00 16099.00 15-Feb-2016 1239.10 0.00 4120.00 16099.00 16-Feb-2016 1207.90 -3120.00 1000.00 12979.00 17-Feb-2016 1211.10 320.00 1320.00 13299.00 18-Feb-2016 1226.10 1500.00 2820.00 14799.00 19-Feb-2016 1230.40 430.00 3250.00 15229.00 22-Feb-2016 1209.50 -779.50 2470.50 17699.50 Basis risk is the risk that the price of the future contract does not move in line with the underlying and thus the price changes are not exactly in opposite direction. It may arise: If the asset to be hedged is not exactly same as the futures contracts underlying asset There is uncertainty on the part of the hedger on the date of buying or selling the asset Futures contracts may be closed before the delivery date(C.Hull, 2012) It is defined as: Basis risk = spot price of the asset futures price of the contract Difference between Options and future The main difference lies in the obligation of execution. In options, the parties does not have the obligation to buy (or sell) the underlying assets where as in case of futures the parties are obliged to buy (or sell) the underlying assets(Difference between options and futures - Option Trading FAQ, 2016). A futures contract can be entered into without any upfront cost while in case of options there is upfront premium that is to be paid. The size of underlying is generally very large in case of futures as compared to options(C.Hull, 2012). Portfolio performance data Fund Portfolio Market Average return x 12% 8% Beta 1.15 1 Standard deviation 33% 25% tracking error ( e) 14% 0 Sharpe ratio(portfolio)= (Rp-Rf)/p 0.19697 Sharpe ratio(Market)= (Rm-Rf)/m 0.1 Treynor measure= (Rp-Rf)/p 0.056522 Jensen's Alpha= Rp-(Rf + p(Rm-Rf)) 0.03625 Information ratio= (Rp-Rm)/( e) 0.285714 M2 measure= Rf + (Rp-Rf)*(m/p) 0.073939 As the Sharpe ratio of the portfolio is more than the market, it is outperforming the market. References C.Hull, J. (2012). Options, Futures, And Other derivatives. New York: Prentice Hall. Colonial First State Investments Limited. (2016, June 10). Investment asset classes: Cash, fixed interest, property and shares :: Colonial First State. Retrieved from Colonial First State: https://www3.colonialfirststate.com.au Difference between options and futures - Option Trading FAQ. (2016, 06 07). Retrieved from The Options Guides: www.theoptionsguide.com Dornbusch, R., Fischer, S., Startz, R. (2011). Macroeconomics. New York: McGraw-Hill. Grimsley, S. (2016, June 10). How Fiscal Policy and Monetary Policy Affect the Economy. Retrieved from Study.com: https://www.study.com Investopedia. (2016, June 10). How do fiscal and monetary policies affect aggregate demand? Retrieved from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com

Slavery Then And Now Essays - Slavery, Contemporary Slavery

Slavery: Then and Now Slavery: Then and Now When we think about slavery many things come to our mind. There are many different ways one can describe slavery. If you were to look it up in a dictionary it would say that a slave is "one who is owned and forced into service by another," this was the definition given in the Webster's Dictionary. But then again if you were to look it up in the Oxford Dictionary the definition given here is of one who is an "obsessive devotee." On the whole slavery can have different meanings to different people. The meaning of slavery has a different meaning today than it did years ago. As Alex Haley wrote, slavery was difficult to explain years ago because it was going on at the time. Today when someone says the word slavery more than half of the people would think of plantations and people being forced to work the land and being mistreated. But what do you say to a little child who comes up to you and asks you want slavery is? In today's society we can take the word slavery and put it to the modern days. Would one say that slavery only existed years ago when plantation owners would buy people to force them to do hard labor and mistreat them, or would one mention about the slavery that goes on in today's society? What about the people who are forced to do hard labor like many years ago? Many people do not realize it but indeed we do have modern-day slavery. What is today's modern day slavery? There are several things that can be put into today's slavery. This is one problem that is often over looked in today's society. It may not have as much impact as it did years ago, but if we stop and think about it, this problem is still as harsh and crude as it was years ago. I would think that up to some extent the problem has grown now because it is in fact often overlooked. For example in Sudan, as a result of an Islamic vs. Christian civil war, women and children that are mostly black and Christian are captured in raids. They are later sold as chattel slaves in "modern day slave markets". Now the question that I have is, " Does a human life have a price?" Well according to these people it does, and the price that they decided to put on a human life has been as low as fifteen dollars. Slaves who attempt to run away are castrated or branded like animals. Have we learned nothing from our history? It is said that history repeats itself and thus we should learned from it. Obviously some people have not and are repeating the same harsh mistakes that we have supply worked so hard to fix. Another example of modern-day slavery occurs in Brazil. In Brazil, poverty-stricken young men are promised good work by harvesting crops. Impressed by the opportunity to better their lives they agree to for the work. Instead of going to work they are trucked hundreds of miles to isolated jungles and forced at gunpoint to clear rainforest. I don't know about you, but harvesting and clearing up the rainforest are totally different things. In Haiti men are also trucked but these men are trucked across the island of Hispaniola to the Dominican Republic and forced to cut sugar cane. The men in Haiti do not have it as bad though; sure they get paid for working twelve hours a day, seven days a week. How much? Well their wages, if they could be called that, is below the cost of food. Some people would say that they are getting paid for their work so they are not really considered slaves, but according to the Webster's Dictionary they are because these men remain captives for many years, some even for life. Modern-day slavery does not discriminate. In Pakistan and India hundreds of thousands of little children, some as young as seven, work in slavery to make beautiful oriental carpets. Where do the parents come in? Well the parents are tricked into allowing their children to be taken from their home, they are promised that their children will be well taken cared of and that they will learn a trade. What parent would not want this for his child, especially when they can't offer anything better to them. Now according to the Oxford Dictionary, there is still another form of slavery. In some way we can still call it modern-day slavery.

The Terza Rima Style of Poetry

The Terza Rima Style of Poetry Terza rima is poetry written in three-line stanzas (or â€Å"tercets†) linked by end-rhymes patterned aba, bcb, cdc, ded, efe, etc. There is no specified number of stanzas in the form, but poems written in terza rima usually end with a single line or a couplet rhyming with the middle line of the last tercet. Dante Alighieri was the first poet to use terza rima, in his Divine Comedy, and he was followed by other Italian poets of the Renaissance, like Boccaccio and Petrarch. Thomas Wyatt and Geoffrey Chaucer brought terza rima into English poetry in the 14th century, Romantic poets including Byron and Shelley used it in the 19th century, and a number of modern poets from Robert Frost to Sylvia Plath to William Carlos Williams to Adrienne Rich have written terza rima in English- all these despite the fact that English doesn’t offer nearly as many rhyming possibilities as Italian. That is why Robert Pinsky used near-rhymes and slant rhymes in his 1994 translation of The Divine Comedy, to reproduce Dante’s terza rima in English without the sing-song effect of strict repeating rhymes. Meter is not specified in terza rima, although most English poets using the form have done so with lines in iambic pentameter. Examples: We have two poems written in standard terza rima in English in our library here at About Poetry: Ode to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley (1820)â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† by Robert Frost (1923) And we also have as  example of Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s use of a modified terza rima in which all three lines of each stanza rhyme: The Two Voices (1842) See our terza rima links to read more poems written in English using terza rima around the Web.

Free Essays on Agricultural Revolution

The Agricultural And Industrial Revolution The agricultural and industrial revolutions greatly changed daily life in Europe. The agricultural revolution created a widespread social misery of its own when small fields were converted into large farms. The industrial revolution brought people to work in the factories to manufacture goods in increased numbers. With these two factors, the lives of Europeans in the eighteenth century were changed forever. The agricultural revolution enabled farmers to produce high yields on their lands. These farmers or landlords needed larger fields to plant their crops so the smaller plots of land that were subdivided were connected. Horse-hoeing, adapted by Jethro Tull, came about when farmers realized that it was more efficient than scattering seeds over the ground surface. Lord Townshend's idea of crop rotation became the standard for many English estates. His crop rotation involved planting an entire field of turnips, barley, clover, and wheat in a f our year cycle. This increased fertility in the soil. With these advancements, more crops could be grown by fewer farmers. The small farmers, or yeomen, could no longer afford to farm. The common lands, now a part of these large plots of land, could not be accessed by the small farmers. The yeomen could not afford tools or install fences, so they were forced to either become workers on these large farms or work in the city and give up farming all together. These changes in agriculture brought about change in industry. As the small farmers moved to the cities for work, this brought about the industrial revolution and urbanization. The European society saw a rise not only of the cities, but of a new class of people who came to be known as capitalists. This class was based upon ownership and control over the means of production. More and more people began to work in factories and people became accustomed to buying more. New ideas and innovations in production a... Free Essays on Agricultural Revolution Free Essays on Agricultural Revolution The Agricultural And Industrial Revolution The agricultural and industrial revolutions greatly changed daily life in Europe. The agricultural revolution created a widespread social misery of its own when small fields were converted into large farms. The industrial revolution brought people to work in the factories to manufacture goods in increased numbers. With these two factors, the lives of Europeans in the eighteenth century were changed forever. The agricultural revolution enabled farmers to produce high yields on their lands. These farmers or landlords needed larger fields to plant their crops so the smaller plots of land that were subdivided were connected. Horse-hoeing, adapted by Jethro Tull, came about when farmers realized that it was more efficient than scattering seeds over the ground surface. Lord Townshend's idea of crop rotation became the standard for many English estates. His crop rotation involved planting an entire field of turnips, barley, clover, and wheat in a f our year cycle. This increased fertility in the soil. With these advancements, more crops could be grown by fewer farmers. The small farmers, or yeomen, could no longer afford to farm. The common lands, now a part of these large plots of land, could not be accessed by the small farmers. The yeomen could not afford tools or install fences, so they were forced to either become workers on these large farms or work in the city and give up farming all together. These changes in agriculture brought about change in industry. As the small farmers moved to the cities for work, this brought about the industrial revolution and urbanization. The European society saw a rise not only of the cities, but of a new class of people who came to be known as capitalists. This class was based upon ownership and control over the means of production. More and more people began to work in factories and people became accustomed to buying more. New ideas and innovations in production a...

MOD 3 TD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MOD 3 TD - Essay Example The company earns high sales when the each of the numerous consumers purchases the goods that they prefer from the company’s online store. The high sales then enhance the company to reap high benefits that enable it to recover from the financial crisis of 2008. The strength of Overstock.com may enable the organization to take advantage of the opportunity that it has of increasing growth. The company may expand into the offline market where consumers purchase goods from physical stores. This is because currently the organization sells its products only to the consumers who buy from its website on the internet (Overstock, 2014). Overstock.com will increase its sales and returns by high margins when it invests in the offline market. This expansion will also enable the company to acquire information systems that will enable the management to store and analyze information. The information system will also enable the company to become more efficient than it is currently (Dess,